Reducing Carbon Footprint in India

1. Transition to renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydro).
2. Improve energy efficiency in industries and buildings.
3. Promote sustainable transportation (electric vehicles, public transport).
4. Enhance carbon sequestration through afforestation/reforestation.
5. Implement waste management and recycling practices.
6. Encourage sustainable agriculture practices.
7. Develop green infrastructure (green buildings, parks).
8. Implement carbon pricing mechanisms.

Carbon Credit for CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) and CCU (Carbon Capture and Utilization) in India:

CCS:

1. National Clean Energy and Environment Fund (NCEEF) supports CCS projects.
2. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) provides incentives.
3. Carbon credits under Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
4. International cooperation and funding opportunities.

CCU:

1. National Biofuel Policy (2018) promotes bio-based products.
2. Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG) supports CCU projects.
3. Carbon credits under Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) initiative.
4. Tax incentives and subsidies for CCU projects.

Carbon Credit Mechanisms:

1. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
2. Verified Carbon Standard (VCS)
3. Gold Standard (GS)
4. Carbon Offset and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA)
5. India’s National Carbon Market (under development)

Indian Government Initiatives:

1. National Climate Change Action Plan (2008)
2. National Green Mission (2010)
3. Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) (2015)
4. Paris Agreement (2015)
5. National Clean Energy and Environment Fund (NCEEF)

Private Sector Initiatives:

1. Indian companies investing in CCS and CCU technologies.
2. Joint ventures and collaborations with international companies.
3. Carbon offsetting and trading platforms.

Statistics:

1. India’s carbon footprint: 2.5 billion tonnes CO2e (2020)
2. Renewable energy capacity: 90 GW (2022)
3. CCS capacity: 1.5 million tonnes CO2e (2022)
4. CCU capacity: 0.5 million tonnes CO2e (2022)

Sources:

1. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
2. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE)
3. International Energy Agency (IEA)
4. World Bank
5. Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA)